اناٹومی مطالعاتی نوٹ · Thorax

Intercostal nerves

The anterior rami of the first 11 thoracic spinal nerves. They supply the thoracic wall, and the lower ones (7–11) continue into the anterior abdominal wall. The 12th is the subcostal nerve.

اہم نکات

• Anterior rami T1–T11; T12 = subcostal nerve.
• Run in the costal groove: VAN, nerve lowest.
• 1–6 thoracic wall; 7–11 also abdominal wall + peritoneum.
• T2 → intercostobrachial (cardiac pain to the medial arm).
• Shingles = dermatomal pain then rash.
• Ventral root: basal-lamina neurons. Dorsal root: neural-crest ganglion cells.
• Schwann cells: neural crest.
• Dorsal root ganglion: pseudounipolar neurons, no synapses.
• Nerve: epineurium → perineurium (blood–nerve barrier) → endoneurium.

اٹلس میں مکمل نوٹ میں یہ بھی شامل ہے

Course · Branches · Histology · Development · طبی اہمیت

مفت سائن اِن کریں تاکہ اسے 3D ماڈل پر دیکھیں، مکمل نوٹ پڑھیں اور اس پر سوالات کی مشق کریں۔

ماخذ

• Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 4, PDF pp. 504–510
• Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 17, PDF pp. 318, 321, 323–325; ch. 10, PDF p. 136; ch. 14, PDF p. 223
• BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 9, PDF pp. 163–166, 166, 171–172

thorax سے مزید

• Internal thoracic artery
• Internal thoracic vein
• Interventricular septum
• Joints of the ribs
• Left atrium
• Left coronary artery
• Left ventricle
• Levatores costarum
• Lung
• Lymph nodes of the thoracic wall
• Main and lobar bronchi
• Mediastinal and tracheobronchial lymph nodes

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