اناٹومی مطالعاتی نوٹ · Thorax

Left ventricle

The main pumping chamber, which drives blood through the aortic valve into the aorta. It forms the apex, most of the left border and much of the diaphragmatic surface.

اہم نکات

• Wall 3× the right ventricle; pressure 6× higher.
• Two papillary muscles; no moderator band.
• Forms the apex (apex beat).
• Outflow: aortic vestibule → aortic valve.
• Ventricles: primitive ventricle + conus, partitioned.
• Purkinje fibres: large pale conducting cells.
• Endocardium / myocardium / epicardium.

اٹلس میں مکمل نوٹ میں یہ بھی شامل ہے

خصوصیات · Blood supply · Histology · Development · طبی اہمیت

مفت سائن اِن کریں تاکہ اسے 3D ماڈل پر دیکھیں، مکمل نوٹ پڑھیں اور اس پر سوالات کی مشق کریں۔

ماخذ

• Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 5, PDF pp. 614–615, 622–628
• Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 15, PDF pp. 233–236
• BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 11, PDF pp. 195–196; ch. 8, PDF pp. 145–146, 146

thorax سے مزید

• Levatores costarum
• Lung
• Lymph nodes of the thoracic wall
• Main and lobar bronchi
• Mediastinal and tracheobronchial lymph nodes
• Mitral valve
• Pulmonary trunk
• Pulmonary valve
• Pulmonary veins
• Ribs
• Right atrium
• Right coronary artery

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