اناٹومی مطالعاتی نوٹ · Thorax

Ribs

Twelve pairs of long, flat, curved bones forming most of the thoracic wall. Ribs 1–7 are true ribs, 8–10 false ribs and 11–12 floating ribs.

اہم نکات

True 1–7, false 8–10, floating 11–12.
Head (2 facets), neck, tubercle, shaft, angle, costal groove (VAN below the rib).
Fractures: at the angle; ribs 5–10 commonest; rare in children.
Flail chest = paradoxical movement.
Cervical rib → lower trunk (C8–T1) + subclavian artery compression.
Ribs: costal processes of the sclerotomes.
Extra ribs: cervical (C7) or lumbar (L1).
Bone: type I collagen + hydroxyapatite.
Osteoblast builds, osteocyte maintains, osteoclast resorbs.

خصوصیات · Articulations · Histology · Development · طبی اہمیت

مفت سائن اِن کریں تاکہ اسے 3D ماڈل پر دیکھیں، مکمل نوٹ پڑھیں اور اس پر سوالات کی مشق کریں۔