اناٹومی مطالعاتی نوٹ · Lower limb

Tarsal joints and arches of the foot

The synovial joints between the tarsal bones. Inversion and eversion of the foot take place at the subtalar and transverse tarsal (talocalcaneonavicular + calcaneocuboid) joints. The bones form medial and lateral longitudinal arches and a transverse arch.

اہم نکات

Inversion/eversion: subtalar + transverse tarsal joints.
Spring ligament supports the head of the talus.
Medial arch keystone = talar head; lateral = cuboid.
Fibularis longus ties the transverse arch.
Inverters: tibialis anterior + posterior. Evertors: fibularis muscles.
Joint: from mesenchyme between bone ends.
Synovial cavity forms in the middle layer.
Synovial membrane: type A (phagocytic) + type B (secretory) cells.
Joint surfaces: hyaline cartilage, no perichondrium.

اٹلس میں مکمل نوٹ میں یہ بھی شامل ہے

خصوصیات · Action · Histology · Development

مفت سائن اِن کریں تاکہ اسے 3D ماڈل پر دیکھیں، مکمل نوٹ پڑھیں اور اس پر سوالات کی مشق کریں۔

ماخذ

Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 11, PDF pp. 1416–1419, 1420–1427
Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 10, PDF p. 144
BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 7, PDF pp. 117–120, 131

lower limb سے مزید

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