اناٹومی مطالعاتی نوٹ · Upper limb

Radioulnar joints and interosseous membrane

The proximal and distal radioulnar joints are synovial pivot joints that, together with the interosseous membrane, allow the radius to turn around the ulna in pronation and supination.

اہم نکات

• Both are synovial pivot joints.
• Proximal: anular ligament around the radial head; cavity shared with the elbow.
• Distal: triangular disc separates it from the wrist.
• Pronators: teres + quadratus. Supinators: biceps (strongest) + supinator.
• Nursemaid's elbow = radial head pulled out of the anular ligament.
• Interosseous membrane: radius → ulna force transfer; taut in midprone.
• Joint: from mesenchyme between bone ends.
• Synovial cavity forms in the middle layer.
• Synovial membrane: type A (phagocytic) + type B (secretory) cells.
• Joint surfaces: hyaline cartilage, no perichondrium.

اٹلس میں مکمل نوٹ میں یہ بھی شامل ہے

خصوصیات · Action · Nerve supply · Histology · Development · طبی اہمیت

مفت سائن اِن کریں تاکہ اسے 3D ماڈل پر دیکھیں، مکمل نوٹ پڑھیں اور اس پر سوالات کی مشق کریں۔

ماخذ

• Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 3, PDF pp. 412–419
• Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 10, PDF p. 144
• BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 7, PDF pp. 117–120, 131

upper limb سے مزید

• Radius
• Rhomboid major
• Rhomboid minor
• Scapula
• Serratus anterior
• Shoulder joint
• Sternoclavicular joint
• Subclavius
• Subscapular nerves
• Subscapularis
• Supinator
• Suprascapular nerve

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