اناٹومی مطالعاتی نوٹ · Lower limb
Quadriceps femoris
The large four-headed extensor of the knee: rectus femoris and vastus lateralis, medialis and intermedius, inserting through the patella and ligamentum patellae into the tibial tuberosity.
اہم نکات
- Rectus femoris (AIIS) + 3 vasti (femur).
- All → patella → ligamentum patellae → tibial tuberosity.
- Femoral nerve L2–4; knee jerk.
- Rectus femoris crosses the hip too (hip flexion).
- Vastus medialis stops lateral patellar dislocation.
- Limb muscles: in situ from limb-bud mesenchyme.
- Upper limb bud C4–T2; lower limb bud L2–S2.
- Skeletal muscle: multinucleated, peripheral nuclei, striated.
- Epimysium → perimysium → endomysium.
اٹلس میں مکمل نوٹ میں یہ بھی شامل ہے
Origin · Insertion · Action · Nerve supply · Histology · Development · طبی اہمیت
مفت سائن اِن کریں تاکہ اسے 3D ماڈل پر دیکھیں، مکمل نوٹ پڑھیں اور اس پر سوالات کی مشق کریں۔
ماخذ
- Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 11, PDF pp. 1301–1308, 1459
- Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 7, PDF p. 109; ch. 10, PDF pp. 142–145
- BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 8, PDF pp. 135–144
lower limb سے مزید
- Retinacula of the ankle
- Saphenous nerve
- Sartorius
- Sciatic nerve
- Semimembranosus
- Semitendinosus
- Short lateral rotators of the hip
- Small saphenous vein
- Sole muscles: first layer
- Sole muscles: second layer
- Sole muscles: third layer
- Soleus
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