اناٹومی مطالعاتی نوٹ · Head and neck

Optic nerve

The second cranial nerve (sensory): the nerve of sight, made of the axons of the ganglion cells of the retina.

اہم نکات

CN II: retinal ganglion cell axons.
Optic canal → chiasma (nasal fibres cross) → tract → lateral geniculate → radiation → occipital cortex.
Chiasma lesion (pituitary tumour) = bitemporal hemianopia.
Tract/radiation lesion = homonymous hemianopia.
Raised ICP → papilloedema.
Optic stalk + ganglion cell axons → optic nerve.
Optic nerve myelin: oligodendrocytes (CNS).
Affected in MS.

Relations · Course · Histology · Development · طبی اہمیت

مفت سائن اِن کریں تاکہ اسے 3D ماڈل پر دیکھیں، مکمل نوٹ پڑھیں اور اس پر سوالات کی مشق کریں۔

Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 12, PDF pp. 1580–1582, 1663, 1683–1684
Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 19, PDF pp. 353, 355, 357
BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 9, PDF pp. 163–164; ch. 21, PDF p. 385