Anatomy study note · Lower limb

Tibial nerve

The larger terminal branch of the sciatic nerve. It supplies the muscles of the back of the leg and, through the plantar nerves, the sole.

Key points

• Larger sciatic branch; runs with the posterior tibial artery.
• Supplies the posterior leg + sole.
• Behind the medial malleolus → medial + lateral plantar nerves.
• Passes between the FDL and FHL tendons at the ankle.
• Upper limb nerves: C4–T2 segments; lower limb: L2–S2.
• Ventral root: basal-lamina neurons. Dorsal root: neural-crest ganglion cells.
• Nerve: epineurium → perineurium (blood–nerve barrier) → endoneurium.
• Cut nerve: Wallerian degeneration; regrows 0.5–3 mm/day.

The full note in the atlas also covers

Course · Branches · Histology · Development

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Written from

• Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 11, PDF pp. 1336–1337, 1360–1361
• Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 17, PDF pp. 318, 321, 323–325; ch. 10, PDF pp. 143–144
• BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 9, PDF pp. 163–166, 171–172

More from the lower limb

• Tibialis anterior
• Tibialis posterior
• Tibiofibular joints
• Adductor brevis
• Adductor longus
• Adductor magnus
• Ankle joint
• Anterior tibial artery
• Biceps femoris
• Common fibular nerve
• Cruciate ligaments
• Deep fibular nerve

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