اناٹومی مطالعاتی نوٹ · Upper limb

Clavicle

A long, S-shaped bone lying horizontally at the root of the neck. It acts as a strut that holds the upper limb away from the trunk, and it transmits forces from the limb to the axial skeleton.

اہم نکات

S-shaped strut holding the limb away from the trunk; no medullary cavity.
First bone to ossify.
Most commonly fractured bone: junction of the middle and lateral thirds.
Lateral fragment: down (arm weight) + medial (pectoralis major). Medial fragment: up (sternocleidomastoid).
Conoid tubercle + trapezoid line → coracoclavicular ligament.
Clavicle: membrane bone (exception in the limbs).
Bone: type I collagen + hydroxyapatite.
Osteoblast builds, osteocyte maintains, osteoclast resorbs.

اٹلس میں مکمل نوٹ میں یہ بھی شامل ہے

خصوصیات · Articulations · Histology · Development · طبی اہمیت

مفت سائن اِن کریں تاکہ اسے 3D ماڈل پر دیکھیں، مکمل نوٹ پڑھیں اور اس پر سوالات کی مشق کریں۔

ماخذ

Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 3, PDF pp. 216–220
Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 7, PDF p. 98; ch. 10, PDF p. 141
BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 7, PDF pp. 121–125, 130

upper limb سے مزید

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