اناٹومی مطالعاتی نوٹ · Head and neck

Accessory nerve

The eleventh cranial nerve (motor). Its spinal root supplies sternocleidomastoid and trapezius; its cranial root joins the vagus.

اہم نکات

CN XI: spinal root C1–5 → up through the foramen magnum → out the jugular foramen.
Supplies sternocleidomastoid + trapezius.
Superficial in the posterior triangle → dropped shoulder.
Motor nuclei: basal lamina. Sensory nuclei: alar lamina.
Nerve: epineurium → perineurium (blood–nerve barrier) → endoneurium.
Cut nerve: Wallerian degeneration; regrows 0.5–3 mm/day.

Course · Histology · Development · طبی اہمیت

مفت سائن اِن کریں تاکہ اسے 3D ماڈل پر دیکھیں، مکمل نوٹ پڑھیں اور اس پر سوالات کی مشق کریں۔

Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 12, PDF pp. 1680–1682, 1687; ch. 3, PDF p. 327
Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 17, PDF pp. 312, 318
BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 9, PDF pp. 163–166, 166, 171–172