Anatomy study note · Head and neck

Scalenus anterior

The key muscle of the root of the neck, descending from the cervical transverse processes to the first rib.

Key points

• C3–6 → first rib.
• Phrenic nerve on its front; subclavian vein in front.
• Subclavian artery + brachial plexus behind it.
• Ventral-ramus neck muscles: ventral parts of cervical myotomes.
• Trunk muscles: from myotomes of the somites.
• Skeletal muscle: multinucleated, peripheral nuclei, striated.
• Epimysium → perimysium → endomysium.

The full note in the atlas also covers

Relations · Origin · Insertion · Action · Nerve supply · Histology · Development · Clinical notes

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Written from

• Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 12, PDF pp. 1616–1617, 1626–1627
• Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 7, PDF pp. 108–109
• BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 8, PDF pp. 135–144

More from the head and neck

• Scalenus medius and posterior
• Sclera
• Skull
• Sphenoid bone
• Sternocleidomastoid
• Sternohyoid
• Sternothyroid
• Stylohyoid
• Stylopharyngeus
• Subclavian artery
• Subclavian vein
• Sublingual gland

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