Anatomy study note · Head and neck

Ophthalmic nerve

The first division of the trigeminal nerve (V1), purely sensory, supplying the eye, the upper eyelid, the forehead and scalp and part of the nose.

Key points

• V1: sensory only; lateral wall of the cavernous sinus.
• Branches: lacrimal, frontal, nasociliary (superior orbital fissure).
• Long ciliary nerves: cornea sensation (corneal reflex) + dilator pupillae.
• Supraorbital + supratrochlear → forehead and scalp.
• Motor nuclei: basal lamina. Sensory nuclei: alar lamina.
• Corneal reflex tests V1.
• Nerve: epineurium → perineurium (blood–nerve barrier) → endoneurium.

The full note in the atlas also covers

Course · Branches · Histology · Development · Clinical notes

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Written from

• Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 12, PDF pp. 1530–1532, 1583–1585, 1667
• Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 17, PDF pp. 312, 318; ch. 9, PDF pp. 122, 125
• BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 9, PDF pp. 163–166, 166, 171–172; ch. 21, PDF p. 381

More from the head and neck

• Ophthalmic veins
• Optic nerve
• Orbicularis oculi
• Orbicularis oris
• Palate
• Palatine tonsil
• Palatopharyngeus
• Parathyroid glands
• Parietal bone
• Parietal lobe
• Parotid gland
• Pharyngeal constrictors

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