Anatomy study note · Lower limb

Gluteal nerves

Branches of the sacral plexus to the gluteal muscles.

Key points

• Superior (above piriformis): medius, minimus, TFL.
• Inferior (below piriformis): gluteus maximus.
• Superior palsy → Trendelenburg sign.
• Upper limb nerves: C4–T2 segments; lower limb: L2–S2.
• Ventral root: basal-lamina neurons. Dorsal root: neural-crest ganglion cells.
• Nerve: epineurium → perineurium (blood–nerve barrier) → endoneurium.
• Cut nerve: Wallerian degeneration; regrows 0.5–3 mm/day.

The full note in the atlas also covers

Course · Branches · Histology · Development · Clinical notes

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Written from

• Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 11, PDF pp. 1287–1288, 1394–1396
• Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 17, PDF pp. 318, 321, 323–325; ch. 10, PDF pp. 143–144
• BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 9, PDF pp. 163–166, 171–172

More from the lower limb

• Gluteus maximus
• Gluteus medius
• Gluteus minimus
• Gracilis
• Great saphenous vein
• Hip joint
• Inguinal lymph nodes
• Interossei of the foot
• Joints of the forefoot and toes
• Knee joint
• Menisci of the knee
• Metatarsal bones

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