Anatomy study note · Head and neck

Genioglossus

The main extrinsic muscle of the tongue, fan-shaped from the mandible into the tongue.

Key points

• Genial spine → tongue.
• CN XII.
• Protrudes the tongue.
• Tongue muscles: occipital myotomes → hypoglossal nerve.
• Skeletal muscle: multinucleated, peripheral nuclei, striated.
• Epimysium → perimysium → endomysium.

The full note in the atlas also covers

Origin · Insertion · Action · Nerve supply · Histology · Development · Clinical notes

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Written from

• Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 12, PDF pp. 1729–1731
• Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 7, PDF p. 109; ch. 9, PDF p. 126; ch. 12, PDF p. 172
• BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 8, PDF pp. 135–144; ch. 16, PDF p. 288

More from the head and neck

• Geniohyoid
• Glossopharyngeal nerve
• Hippocampus
• Hyoglossus
• Hyoid bone
• Hypoglossal nerve
• Hypothalamus
• Inferior oblique
• Inferior rectus
• Insula
• Internal capsule
• Internal carotid artery

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