Anatomy study note · Abdomen

Duodenum

The C-shaped first part of the small intestine, about 25 cm long, curving round the head of the pancreas. It receives the bile and pancreatic ducts.

Key points

• 4 parts; ~25 cm; C round the pancreatic head.
• 2nd part: major papilla (bile + pancreatic ducts) halfway down.
• 3rd part crossed by the superior mesenteric vessels.
• Ligament of Treitz at the duodenojejunal flexure.
• Foregut/midgut junction at the 2nd part: coeliac above, SMA below.
• Posterior ulcer → gastroduodenal artery bleed.
• Above the papilla: foregut; below: midgut.
• Retroperitoneal by fusion of the mesoduodenum.
• Brunner glands: duodenum only.
• Villi + crypts of Lieberkühn; Paneth cells make lysozyme.

The full note in the atlas also covers

Features · Blood supply · Lymph drainage · Histology · Development · Clinical notes

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Written from

• Snell’s Clinical Anatomy by Regions, 10th ed., ch. 7, PDF pp. 846–855
• Inderbir Singh’s Human Embryology, ch. 13, PDF pp. 178–182, 188
• BRS Cell Biology & Histology, 7th ed., ch. 16, PDF pp. 293–296, 296

More from the abdomen

• Epididymis
• External oblique
• Gallbladder
• Iliac arteries
• Iliacus
• Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves
• Inferior epigastric vessels
• Inferior mesenteric artery
• Inferior vena cava
• Inguinal ligament
• Internal oblique
• Jejunum and ileum

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